Category: Architecture

The making of O’Connor Square, Tullamore: People, Houses and Business will be launched on Wednesday 10 December 5 p.m. at the Brewery Tap, Tullamore and Ferbane 1950-2000 on 12 Dec. in Ferbane Blog No 766, 9th Dec 2025

The making of O’Connor Square, Tullamore: People, Houses and Business will be launched on Wednesday 10 December 5 p.m. at the Brewery Tap, Tullamore. The Brewery Tap is the longest established business in the square dating back to the 1830s as a pub and brewery. The lease of the site was dated to 1713 with the property in possession of the Brennan and Thornburgh families, later Deverell, Egan, Adams, Carragher and now Paul and Cathy Anne Bell.

We look forward to meeting you at the launch where savouries and tea/coffee will be served. Parking will be available at this time and should not cost more than 1 euro for an hour. Walkers and cyclists go free.

The making of O’Connor Square, Tullamore: People, Houses and Business (Offaly History, Tullamore, 2025), pp 440, p/b €23, h/b €29. ISBN978-1-909822-45-0 (hardcover) ISBN978-1-909822-46-7 (softcover). The book contains fifteen essays by Michael Byrne, Fergal MacCabe, Rachel McKenna and Timothy O’Neill. Publication is supported by the Heritage Council.

At the same event we launch Offaly Heritage 13. This the 13^th issue of the Offaly History Journal It’s another bumper issue with over 330 pages and well-illustrated, €19 soft and €25 hardback. The issue is dedicated to the late Christy Maye – a great friend to Offaly History.

The two books are now available from Offaly History Centre, Midland Books and at www.offalyhistory.com for online.
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December 9, 2025
The Silver River of Slieve Bloom. From John Feehan’s address at the launch in Kilcormac on 20.11.2025. Blog No 764, 3rd Dec 2025

It’s almost exactly 50 years since I had the great privilege of studying the geology of Slieve Bloom as a postgraduate student in Trinity College. For over 4 years after that my job was to reach into every corner of the mountains where rock might have poked through to the surface, and then bring together the clues these pieces, of the jigsaw that told the story of the formation and subsequent history of the mountains, to form a more or less coherent picture.

But I soon began to understand two things. First of all, that in looking at the rocks I was seeing less than half of the story; even if I included the flora and fauna they supported. The other half was the human story. Slieve Bloom is what its people have made it down all the centuries, and a parallel investigation is required to assemble all the pieces of this jigsaw together into a coherent story, and then place it over the first jigsaw. And then you begin to see how they are really two sides of the same coin.

And then, at the end of the four years, as some of you will know, I wrote a book about it.
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December 3, 2025
King’s County/Offaly Infirmary, Church Street, Tullamore, 1767–1921. By Michael Byrne and Offaly History. No. 11 in the 2025 Living in towns series, prepared with the support of the Heritage Council. Blog No 757, 24th October 2025

You might wonder what was Library Hall used for before being transformed into 15 apartments in about 1995 with a new block of ten to the rear (PD 2824). Yes, some will recall when it was the county library and the happy hours borrowing books and perhaps sitting in the large windows or close to its pot-bellied stove in winter. That was almost fifty years ago. From 1923 to 1927 the building served as the first garda station in Tullamore. And before that: yes, it was the county infirmary or county hospital from 1788 to 1921. How many beds? It had 50 and thirty were generally in use. Budget was £2000 per annum by 1920. That might get you ‘a procedure’ now or a very ‘short stay’.
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October 24, 2025
A hidden jewel: The Chapel of the County Hospital in Tullamore. By Fergal MacCabe. A contribution to our Anniversaries series No 20. Blog No 756, 18th October 2025

The recent decision of the Health Services Executive to allocate funding for the renewal of the windows, doors and walls of the chapel of the original Offaly County Hospital, Tullamore is a welcome and well-timed architectural conservation initiative.

Opened in 1964, the building, which is a Protected Structure of Regional Importance, is an interesting example of stylistic change in Irish church architecture in the mid-20th century.

Though its exterior has been compromised by surrounding buildings, the serene and elegant interior is still totally intact.
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October 18, 2025
Tullamore’s Irish National Foresters building in Church Street. By Michael Byrne and Offaly History. In the Offaly History series on Church Street, Tullamore: houses, businesses and families over 300 years. No. 10 in the 2025 Living in towns series prepared with the support of the Heritage Council. Blog No 755, 15th October 2025

The Foresters building fronting Church Street would not be so easy to recognise today as the ground floor is part of the Chanapa Thai restaurant east of the old Shambles.

In March 2024 we published two articles in this series by Aidan Doyle marking the 125^th anniversary of the founding of the Tullamore branch of the Irish National Foresters (I.N.F) and the 100^th anniversary of the opening of its new cinema in Market Square. As was noted in a Midland Tribune article forty years ago[1] the Irish National Foresters Benefit Society is an organisation about which most people know very little about although the Tullamore (Conn of the Hundred Battles) branch has been part and parcel of the town since 1899. The I.N.F. may be the fourth oldest organisation in Tullamore after the Freemasons (1759), GAA Tullamore (1888) and the Tullamore Golf Club of 1895-6.

The home of the club in the early years was the CYMS , later called St Mary’s Hall in Thomas/Benburb Street. By 1903 Tullamore I.N.F had its own building on part of the harbour site at the junction of Harbour Street and Henry/O’Carroll Street. The new building worked well for four years but things went badly against them with a fire in the clubhouse in Harbour Street in July 1907: ‘The Tullamore blaze destroyed what was probably one of the finest Forester Halls in the provinces. And what makes the occurrence all the more lamentable is the fact that it had been built only four years.’
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October 15, 2025

The leasing of plots or sites for building in Church Street, Tullamore from Lord Charleville to his tenants, 1786–1830s. Part 2. By Michael Byrne and Offaly History. In the Offaly History series on Church Street, Tullamore: houses, businesses and families, over 300 years. No 9 in the 2025 Living in towns series prepared with the support of the Heritage Council. Blog No 751, 27th Sept 2025

Table 1: Buildings erected in Church Street, Tullamore from 1726 to 1924

Here we present a summary of the discussion in the last blog on the leasing of Church Street. GV 1 was up to 2000 the old Hayes’ Hotel erected in 1785-6 and having a long garden as far as the Methodist church. Beyond the church is the terrace of 13 houses, the former infirmary and five smaller houses to the river.

On the north east side were two smaller leaseholds and the Charleville School.

To follow things see the 1838 map, that of 1890, the leaseholders map and the Griffith Valuation map. Enjoy!

*The Griffith valuation map for most of Church Street of 1854. It can be viewed on Ask About Ireland site.*

A handy summary of the Valuation of 1854 with notes by MB

Griffith val. 1854 No.	Street	Date of construction	Lessee	Immediate lessor in GV 1854	Lease details
GV 1	Church Street GV 1 to 5a	1785, or may be a reconstruction in that year–	Reps John Tydd in respect of GV 1 to 5a, for ever	John Towers	Lease for ever of frontage from Bridge Street to Methodist church of the hotel site on Church Street SW
GV 2	Church St	House on hotel plot	Sublease to Henry Mulholland as in GV	George Ridley	Ridley succeeded Tydd, Towers and Doherty
GV 3	do	do	Sublease to Michael Delaney as in GV	do	part of hotel lands
GV 4			Sublease to John Lynam as in GV	John Tidd	part of hotel lands
GV 5			Sublease to Mary Lynam as in GV	John Tidd	part of hotel lands
GV 6	Pt of garden of Cuddihy below	May predate Cuddihy lease of 1805	Henry Manly of Charleville Sq		The haggard garden carved from the Cuddehy plots south of Methodist church
GV 7	Church Street GV 6 and 7	1788	Methodist church site in place of destroyed preaching house in Bride’s (Swaddling) Lane. GV 6 is garden behind preaching house and haggard in Tarletons no 6 Charleville Sq		No lease sighted for church, 33 ft in front. The haggard was part of Charleville Square House up to late 1930s
GV 8	Church Street GV	1805 plus	Lease to Michael Cuddehy, Lord Charleville’s mapping surveyor, 1805 of three plots 96 ft in front by 248 sq ft containing 0.1.15 , plot 1	Lyddon. House with two front doors. Let from Revd R.T. Tracey	Copy lease with map in OA. Yard at no. 6 part of Cuddehy leasehold and sublet to Manly of GV 6 O’Connor Square
GV 9	Church St GV	do	Cuddehy plot 1	Revd William Molloy House with two front doors. Let from Revd R.T. Tracey
GV 10	Church St	do	Cuddehy plot 2		Sublease to Thomas Stanley (Book Stanley, antiquarian) features in RSAI jn
GV11	Church St	do	Cuddehy plot 3	Miss Catherine Cuddy immediate lessor	Christopher Woods, distiller
GV 12	Church St	do	Plot 4 in the terrace to Charles Warren, 32 ft in front.	Richard Warren immediate lessor	GV let to Miss Turpin
GV 13	Church Street	do	Plot to Darby Hyland, 32 ft in front	Abigal McDonnell	Let to Revd R. F. Tracey GV 1854
GV 14	Church Street		Plot to Daniel Warren, 32 ft in front	Mrs Daly	Let to Mrs Anne McDonnell GV 1854
GV15	Church Street		3 Plots, 1 to George Slator 96 ft	Reps Revd Nath. Slater	GV 1854 Thomas Briscoe
GV 16	Church Street		3 Plots, 2 to George Slator 96 ft	do	Francis Dorman
GV 17	Church Street		3 Plots,3 to George Slator 96 ft	do	James H. Marshall
GV 18	Church Street		3 Plots,3 to George Slator 96 ft	do	William W. Philips
GV 19	Church Street		2 plot 1 plots to Robert Belton,	Wm K. Fawcett	GV Vacant, related to Michael Molloy d. 1846, the distiller and Anthony M. died 1851.
GV 20	Church St		2 plots 2 to Robert Belton, temporary barrack	do	GV Vacant
GV 21	Church Street	1788	3 plots 2 to Robert Belton, temporary barrack	do	The third house on two plots GV James Reilly
GV 22	Church Street	1788	No lease King’s County infirmary 86 ft in front	Held from head landlord the earl of Charleville
GV 23	Church Street		Mrs Jordan original lessee	Held from Thomas Duggan	Occupier GV John Pilkington
GV 24	Church Street		Samuel Woods	Held from earl of Charleville	Occupier GV Christopher Woods
GV 25	Church Street		Held from Elizabeth Woods	do	Occupier GV Christopher Woods
GV 26	Church Street		do	do	Occupier GV George Whitten
GV 27	Church Street		Pound and House see pic with this blog	Held from earl of Charleville	Occupier GV Christopher Woods
GV 28	Church Street		1869 vacant and later Feehan fowl store, now part of a new 2025 terrace in yard	do	Occupier GV Thomas Clooney
GV 29	Church Street		Mary Lynam		Occupier GV Charles Crowley
GV 30	Church Street		Mary Lynam		Occupier GV Maurice Summers
GV 31	Church Street GV		School house and yard, opened 1811	Held from earl of Charleville. The female school was in Henry/O’Carroll Street	Charleville Schol boys, on the former Fair Green plots fronting Henry St
GV 32-49 and Market Lane 1-12			Late Robert Belton George Slater for ever 398 ft in front in 1854 Thomas F. Slater	17 houses, and one office building let to Sterling. This holding included the 12 cabins in Market Lane or Church Lane (Pike’s Lane) valued each in the range of 10s to 15s.	From Sterling to Henry Street incl Market Lane. Nos 48 and 49 let to Thomas Sterling by T F Slater and part sublet to James Byrne
GV 50	Church St		Mr Sterling		A plot occupied by Thomas Sterling from earl of Charleville and probably formed part of the curtilage of the 1726 church
Laneway not rated			Garden [now Market Lane access to The Cornmarket	Earl of Charleville	In GV called Corn Market Lane
GV 1	Church St but from Market Square		Meat Market (Shambles)	Do. Tolls of shambles and corn market let to Robert Willis by 1854. In 1843 with Sterling.	Site with part of the Michael Byrne plot of the 1726-1815 church
GV 51	Church St		Michael Byrne plot 1	Immediate lessor John Perry	GV occupier Thomas Magill, much later Morris drapery
GV 52	Church St		Michael Byrne plot 2		GV occupier John and A Warren
GV 53-57 Church Street and 1 Columcille Street	Church St 44’ 6 inch to William Street and 192 ft to Church St (180 ft by lease)		Immediate lessor John Slater from earl of Charleville	Five houses held by John Slator	GV 1854 occupiers – Atkins, Duggan, Little, Irwin and Nugent, valued in range of £4. 10s. to £8. 10s.

*Church St on the five-foot scale, surveyed 1885-90.*

*The Griffith map of 1854 – available on Ask about Ireland.com*

Thanks to the Heritage Council for support to Offaly History in preparing this article.

September 27, 2025

The leasing of plots or sites for building in Church Street, Tullamore from Lord Charleville to his tenants, 1786–c. 1835.By Michael Byrne and Offaly History. Offaly History series, Church Street, Tullamore: houses, businesses and families, over 300 years. No. 8 in the 2025 Living in towns series prepared with the support of the Heritage Council. Blog No 750, 24th Sept 2025

Church Street is unusual in Tullamore in that it does not have a common width throughout and its lower half, closest to the town centre, is clearly earlier than the upper half from the Methodist church to the Pound Bridge over Tullamore River. While the building pattern is now post 1786 in date it did have at least two earlier buildings in the Protestant church built by Mrs Ellen Moore in 1726. She was the mother of the first Lord Tullamore who died in 1725. Charles the second Lord Tullamore succeeded while still a minor, having been born in 1712.[1] In an earlier article we reproduced maps from the 1770s depicting the church and noted that the building was shown on the on the 1730 Mountrath (Coote) estate map. The church stood in what was post 1820 the yard shown as The Shambles and was not aligned to the later street.[2]
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September 24, 2025
The Bridge Centre in Tullamore: Town centre shopping over thirty years. A contribution to the Offaly History Anniversaries and Commemorations Series, By Michael Byrne. Blog No 748, 17th Sept 2025

The big developments of the 1990s were the Bridge Shopping Centre and the new Texas store both of which were completed in September 1995. The equivalent of perhaps 100 typical shops in terms of floor space was added to the Tullamore offering in one month. It was a turning point in the history of shopping in Tullamore and opened a brief period when Tullamore possibly dominated shopping in the midlands. These were the ‘good Tiger’ years for Ireland and for Tullamore with two hotels to follow in the same decade.
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September 17, 2025
Local Heritage and Family History Course: Sources and Methods, 24 September to 26 November 2025 (ten sessions of two hours each) at Offaly History Centre, Bury Quay, Tullamore. Blog No 747, 13th Sept 2025

What? The course will give an overview of the sources and methods for the study of the archaeology, community and family history of County Offaly, and how to do research on areas that may interest you in local and family history. Thematic sessions will be delivered by experienced local scholars, who will introduce participants both to physical sources and to online resources. Offaly is taken as the example, but most of the records will have application for the entire country.

When? All talks will be held on Wednesday nights, from 7.30 to 9.30 pm.

Where? Offaly History Centre, Bury Quay, Tullamore, Co. Offaly, R35 Y5V0

Fees? The course fee for all ten sessions is €50, payable to the Offaly Heritage Centre at the time of booking. Please provide your credit or debit card details when booking, or visit the shop Monday–Friday, 9:30 am–4:30 pm.

Alternatively, payment can be made by bank transfer: Best contact us first as only a few places are left.

This course is supported by the Heritage Council and Offaly County Council.
Places are limited to 25 participants, so early booking is strongly advised.

Please call or email us to check availability and make your booking
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September 13, 2025
Banagher Ancient Cross is now on exhibit in the National Museum. By Kieran Keenaghan. Blog No 746, 12th Sept 2025

MUSEUM CAPTION :‘In preparation for our major temporary exhibition Words on the Wave: Ireland and St. Gallen in Early Medieval Europe, opening in late May this year, we reveal the ongoing conservation and scanning work on the famous high cross shaft from Banagher, Co. Offaly (1929:1497). The cross helps tell the story of the connections between art, belief and society in the world which produced the manuscripts.

‘The journey of a bishop, like Bishop Marcus and his nephew Moéngal’s journey from Ireland to St. Gallen, is shown on an iconic shaft of a high cross from Banagher, Co. Offaly. The sandstone carving shows a deer whose foot is caught in a trap, possibly symbolising Christ. Below this are four figures caught by their hair in a whirl of interlace in a similar way to the back-to-back figures on an Irish manuscript fragment from St. Gallen. The sides of the cross are decorated with C-shaped spirals, like those on the Gospel of St. John at St. Gallen. Banagher was a church site linked to St. Ríoghnach, who was said to be the sister of St. Finnian of Clonard or Movilla. Finnian, who was possibly of British origin, was associated with the earliest penitential, a book on a system of forgiveness by God for sins, which was also copied at St. Gallen.’
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September 12, 2025