Category: Living in Towns

• Birr Town Commissioners and The Grand Jury: Decades of Confrontation. By Martin Hoctor. Blog no. 815 in the Offaly History Series, 4.9.2026

  In 1852 Birr in King’s County decided to have a town commission/council in an attempt to improve facilities in the town that had aspirations to be the county town in the 1640s and perhaps up to the 1780s. The earl of Charleville ensured that Tullamore was named as the capital of King’s County after legislation was passed in the House of Commons in 1832 before becoming the capital town in 1835. This was by way of becoming the chief assize town with the full apparatus of county courthouse and jail.

   How people travelled in the country towns in the midlands during these years is a mystery as the state of the roads were an absolute disgrace from mud and horse droppings that made travel impossible and unhealthy as the threat of cholera and typhoid fever was prevalent in the country and killed more people than the years of the Great Famine. Indeed, King’s County despite a low death rate from 1847 experienced emigration to an unprecedented level and Birr was no exception as the town suffered a serious decline in the population in the post-famine period.

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  September 4, 2026

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• ‘One of the most remarkable days Tullamore has seen for some time’: A Fashionable Marriage in Tullamore 135 years ago – Michael F. Gorry senior and Edith McGlynn. Blog no. 812, 21 Aug. 2026 by Michael Byrne.

  Then, as now, fashionable weddings get a lot of press attention. Michael F. Gorry was the great grandfather of Francis (Francie) Gorry whose family had the famous newsagency shop in Harbour Street, Tullamore for over 100 years. Michael F. Gorry was the first person to be buried in the new Catholic cemetery in Clonminch in 1893. The report of a wedding on 31 July 1891 was published in the Midland Tribune on 8 August and no doubt created a stir in Tullamore. The style of the report was that of the kind carried in the Birr Protestant and unionist King’s County Chronicle, a then hated rival of the Midland Tribune, and might have been related to Gorry’s being the agent for the Birr Chronicle in Tullamore.  One James Joyce also used this style to describe fashionable bourgeois occasions is his Ulysses (published in 1922).

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  August 21, 2026

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• Urban Regeneration in Tullamore. By Fergal MacCabe. Blog no. 808 in the Offaly History Series. 31.7.2026

  PROJECT 2040

  Many may find it hard to believe, but Ireland has a pretty good planning structure and system.

  Some years ago we embarked on an exercise of estimating where as a nation- indeed as an island – we should be going. How many people would we need to cater for, where would they live, how would they get around and what about climate change?

  The outcome was Project 2040 which set out a broad overall framework and most importantly had a dedicated budget to deliver it. Its national vision is now filtering down through regional planning, to county planning, then to more detailed statutory plans for the cities and finally for the more important towns.

  As a ‘Key Town’, Tullamore has a particular role to play and, in anticipation of an additional population projection of 1 million persons in the State by 2040, is presently making its own contribution by upping its housing projections to provide for an additional c. 2,000 houses and identifying an ambitious new employment and enterprise zone with direct access to the national road network.

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  July 31, 2026

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• Tullamore Town Park and its historic associations: a walk in the park on Saturday 18 July 2026, 10 30 a.m. to 12 noon. Blog no. 806 in the Offaly History Series, 16.7.2026. By Michael Byrne

  The second guided town walk on 18 July 2026 is alongside Tullamore River to the town park and Cormac Street. We start from Bridge House Hotel on Distillery Lane at 10 30 a.m. on Saturday 18 July and make our way through a part of the old Water Lane (now Main Street) taking the path along the river to Lloyd Town Park while reflecting on its historical features and change in the landscape of the area and the town of Tullamore since the 1700s. All are welcome and the tour is free. Michael Byrne is your guide for the morning. Richard Jack will talk about the town park and its trees.

  In the park close to what is now the filling station can be seen the remains of a corn mill of c. 1800 and where Daniel E. Williams of Tullamore DEW fame started work as a young man in the mid-1860s. He lived nearby in the miller’s house (now demolished) until Dew Park was completed in 1900. Beside the corn mill was a flour mill demolished in the early 1990s to facilitate the Bridge Centre and new apartments. It was known as Cooke’s Mill and was said to be haunted by ‘old Ned Cooke’.

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  July 16, 2026

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• Buildings and housing of the Tullamore Workhouse, 1839-1852. By J.J. Reilly. Blog no. 804 3 July 2026 in the Offaly History Blog Series

  The first meeting of the Tullamore Board of Guardians took place on Tuesday, the 26 November 1839, with 21 guardians present.[i] There were 24 elected members from 15 electoral divisions. The Union comprised an area of 246 square miles, covering 13 electoral divisions in King’s County and two in County Westmeath, with a total population of 53,905.[ii] It was headed by a chairman, John Hussey Walsh, with Charles Bagot as vice-chairman and John O’Brien deputy vice-chairman.

  

  Figure 1 Tullamore Union Workhouse (Ordnance Survey, 1889)

  The workhouse was situated on a 6.5 acre plot of land north of the Grand Canal on Emmet Road, or better known as Ardan Road. George Wilkinson, an Englishman, was the architect who followed similar designs to other poor houses built according to his designs in the years following the passage of the Irish poor laws Act. The Workhouse opened to inmates on the 9 June 1842. The workhouse cost £5,950 to build and a further £1,265 for fittings and furnish, bringing a total cost of 7,215.[iii]

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  July 3, 2026

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• A new study of Offaly’s two Great Houses at Birr and Charleville, Tullamore Blog no. 802 in the Offaly History Series, 18 June 2026.

  A new study of Offaly’s two Great Houses at Birr and Charleville, Tullamore just published

  Two of the great houses of Ireland, are here in County Offaly at Birr and Tullamore. Both regularly feature in articles and magazine stories. Birr Castle much more so as it has been the family home of the Parsons family, earls of Rosse, since the 1620s. The present earl and his wife from the death of the sixth earl in 1979, have worked for almost fifty years to promote the castle and gardens for the benefit for tourism and build on the enthusiasm of the sixth earl to create a science museum commemorating the work of the third and fourth earls and that of Charles Parsons, the engineer who helped win the First World War. Both earls worked tirelessly for the gardens at Birr Castle.

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  June 18, 2026

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• Portarlington market house: a place of many uses and now restored. By John Stocks Powell. Blog no. 801 in the Offaly History Blog Series, 12 June 2026

  On Thursday 23^rd April 2026 the new, changed, developed, market house in Portarlington’s square was formally opened, following over a year’s work on the structure to commence a new chapter in its long history.  The new occupier is the Portarlington Community Development Association, and the building has become available, for gatherings, conferences, presentations.  There is no doubt this is a construction for specific purposes.

  And the building has two names: market house, though there is no longer a market; and tholsel, a name given to municipal buildings in Ireland where tolls and dues were collected.  Tholsels had an authority in a town, and usually hosted corporation bodies.  Notable examples of tholsels in Ireland may be found at Carlingford, Clonmel, Kilkenny and Youghal.  In other locations tholsels have been changed into other uses, or gone to demolition, such as that in Mountrath.

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  June 12, 2026

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• The new Birr Urban District Council 1899: women were included on the electorate for the first time and the end of the Birr Town Commissioners. Blog No 774, 10th Jan. 2026. By Martin Hoctor

  Town Commissions in Ireland were possible from 1847 after the introduction of the Towns Improvement (Ireland) Act that would allow the larger towns to introduce a series of measures starting with the appointment of commissioners to carry out works in a  town like drainage, paving, and other improvements to the infrastructure. Unfortunately, this legislation was neglected in Ireland during the years of the Great Famine and it was not until the early 1850s when events slowly improved in terms of lesser number of deaths that several towns began to explore embracing this legislation for their districts. Parsonstown (Birr) Town Commissioners held their first meeting on August 4 1852 with Laurence Parsons elected as the first chairman and slowly began to implement the 1847 Act and its subsequent consolidation statute in 1854. Over the next 46 years Parsonstown/Birr Town Commissioners attempted to run the town from the rates received from the ratepayers and loans from the Local Government Board as they engaged in constant disputes with the King’s County Grand Jury and the County Surveyor for decades over which authority was responsible for the scavenging and cleaning of the streets and the expenses incurred.

  We are glad to welcome the second of our Young Historians blogs this week and this year. If you have an article or an idea for an article do contact us at info@offalyhistory.com. Offaly History blogs now number 774 and reach 80,000 to 100,000 views each year. So do join the panel of authors of this treasure trove of easily accessed articles since 2016. Doing (or have done) a Leaving Cert History Project on local history -keep Offaly History in mind for your piece of research. We can help with editing and illustrations.

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  January 9, 2026

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• Reports from the 1835 Poor Law Inquiry in Daingean/ Philipstown, County Offaly. By J.J. Reilly. Blog No 773, 3rd Jan 2026

  Background to the Poor Law Inquiry

  The Commission of Enquiry into the Poorer Classes in Ireland was the result of the United Kingdom government’s investigation of rapid increases in population living in extreme poverty. From their official reports in the post-Napoleonic period Ireland’s growth-rate had remained high. In the 1831 census Ireland returned a population of 7.8 million up from 6.8 million in 1821. In the year 1831 the population baronies of the Upper and Lower Philipstown was 17,311. The town of Daingean had a population of 1,454.[i] For King’s County in general please see our previous blog.[ii]

  In the baronies of Philipstown Upper and Lower two commissioners were appointed: Jonathan Binns and James O’Hea. It should be noted, previous to the dissolution of the Parliament of Ireland  in 1800, Philipstown returned two members to that legislature.[iii] In 1835 Tullamore became the county town and with that the assizes were moved there from Philipstown.[iv] As the Poor Law Commissioner Jonathan Binns reflected:

  ‘Its trade has disappeared – many of its houses are in ruins – its shops are falling into decay – and its population, as these signs sufficiently indicate, are poor and wretched.’[v]

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  January 3, 2026

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• The making of O’Connor Square, Tullamore: People, Houses and Business will be launched on Wednesday 10 December 5 p.m. at the Brewery Tap, Tullamore and Ferbane 1950-2000 on 12 Dec. in Ferbane Blog No 766, 9th Dec 2025

  The making of O’Connor Square, Tullamore: People, Houses and Business will be launched on Wednesday 10 December 5 p.m. at the Brewery Tap, Tullamore. The Brewery Tap is the longest established business in the square dating back to the 1830s as a pub and brewery. The lease of the site was dated to 1713 with the property in possession of the Brennan and Thornburgh families, later Deverell, Egan, Adams, Carragher and now Paul and Cathy Anne Bell.

  We look forward to meeting you at the launch where savouries and tea/coffee will be served. Parking will be available at this time and should not cost more than 1 euro for an hour. Walkers and cyclists go free.

  The making of O’Connor Square, Tullamore: People, Houses and Business (Offaly History, Tullamore, 2025), pp 440, p/b €23, h/b €29. ISBN978-1-909822-45-0 (hardcover) ISBN978-1-909822-46-7 (softcover). The book contains fifteen essays by Michael Byrne, Fergal MacCabe, Rachel McKenna and Timothy O’Neill. Publication is supported by the Heritage Council.

  At the same event we launch Offaly Heritage 13. This the 13^th issue of the Offaly History Journal It’s another bumper issue with over 330 pages and well-illustrated, €19 soft and €25 hardback. The issue is dedicated to the late Christy Maye – a great friend to Offaly History.

  The two books are now available from Offaly History Centre, Midland Books and at www.offalyhistory.com for online.

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  December 9, 2025

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